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Member You - Some Lean Six Sigma Tools - Define and Measure
Anyone who watches or reads the news today hears about how the sourcing of materials from overseas, particularly from Asia, has impacted the amount of manufacturing jobs available in America. What manufacturing insiders worry about the most when it comes to sourcing from overseas is more closely related to inventory levels. While purchasing material overseas may bring a company advantages in terms of lower prices, the negative impact is the growth of inventory carried on the balance sheet. For large manufacturing firms with the financial scale to absorb an increase in inventory, this may not present itself as an issue. However for manufacturing firms, the stress on working capital and the inventory turn rate can be significant
Purpose of Measure:
This phase quantifies the current state of the process with respect to cost, speed and quality and provides an idea of the gaps to be filled. At the end of this phase, we have a detailed map of the process, data on key input and output variables, an analysis of the capability of the process, refined project charter and plans where warranted by new information, and recommended actions to pick low hanging fruits.
Tools for Measure:
Operational definition - various measures are defined so that all
team members apply the same definitions when
Contents1. Federal Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)2. Report by the Department of Justice3. Why The Concern?4. The Court's View5. Identifying Risk FactorsFederal Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)Did you know that the Federal Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) requires employers who discover that an employee has threatened violence against managers, supervisors, or other employees may have to take certain preventive steps? OSHA's General Duty Clause requires employers to provide employees with places of employment that are free of hazards that may cause or result in death or serious physical injury. Have you heard of a Worksite Assessment or
The Define Phase
Purpose of Define: This phase of the Lean Six Sigma implementation identifies the improvement opportunities and customer deliverables and defines a scope. At the end of the define phase, we should have a project charter, clearly identified stakeholders, a project team, estimation of business implications, an evaluation of customer requirements, a high level process map and project management and communication plans.
Tools for Define:
Stakeholder Analysis:
The various stakeholders (customers, shareholders, employees) are
listed and the potential impact of the improvement project on each assessed as substantial, average, low or nil.
SIPOC diagram:
Of the tools applied in this stage of the improvement project,
perhaps the most commonly used is the SIPOC diagram. SIPOC stands
for Suppliers, Inputs, Process, Outputs and Customers. The diagram
provides a visual answer to the questions required to understand
the process: who are the primary stakeholders of this process? What
value does it create? Who is the owner of the process? What are the
inputs and who provides them? What resources are consumed by the
process? What process steps create the value?
The steps involved in creating the SIPOC diagram and the involvement of team members in brain storming and idea generating sessions are as important as the resulting diagram.
VOC - Voice of the Customer:
Critical to a proper definition of the improvement project is the
availability of data representing customer viewpoints and
requirements. These are collected using VOC tools like interviews,
surveys, focus groups, comment cards, suggestion/complaint boxes
etc. The definition of customer here includes internal and external
customers.
Using Kano analysis coverts raw quantitative and qualitative data obtained from the above into clearer expressions of the value customers place on various product and service features you offer.
Development of critical-to-quality requirements converts customer statements, which may be imprecise, to precise requirements (valued from the customer's perspective) for your product or service.
The Measure Phase
Purpose of Measure:
This phase quantifies the current state of the process with respect
to cost, speed and quality and provides an idea of the gaps to be
filled. At the end of this phase, we have a detailed map of the
process, data on key input and output variables, an analysis of the
capability of the process, refined project charter and plans where
warranted by new information, and recommended actions to pick low
hanging fruits.
Tools for Measure:
Operational definition - various measures are defined so that all
team members apply the same definitions when g
The Internet proxy server is the server that is situated between the client application and an actual server. The Internet proxy server has the role of intercepting every request to the actual server and see if the request can be fulfilled by it. If that is not possible, then it must forward the request to the other server.If used in an enterprise the Internet proxy server besides the role that it plays in all situations, also have the role of ensuring control and security. This Internet proxy server is linked to a gateway server. This has the role of separating the network of the enterprise from other networks. The Internet proxy server is also associated with a firewall server that is used to protect the network of t
Tools for Define:
Stakeholder Analysis:
The various stakeholders (customers, shareholders, employees) are
listed and the potential impact of the improvement project on each assessed as substantial, average, low or nil.
SIPOC diagram:
Of the tools applied in this stage of the improvement project,
perhaps the most commonly used is the SIPOC diagram. SIPOC stands
for Suppliers, Inputs, Process, Outputs and Customers. The diagram
provides a visual answer to the questions required to understand
the process: who are the primary stakeholders of this process? What
value does it create? Who is the owner of the process? What are the
inputs and who provides them? What resources are consumed by the
process? What process steps create the value?
The steps involved in creating the SIPOC diagram and the involvement of team members in brain storming and idea generating sessions are as important as the resulting diagram.
VOC - Voice of the Customer:
Critical to a proper definition of the improvement project is the
availability of data representing customer viewpoints and
requirements. These are collected using VOC tools like interviews,
surveys, focus groups, comment cards, suggestion/complaint boxes
etc. The definition of customer here includes internal and external
customers.
Using Kano analysis coverts raw quantitative and qualitative data obtained from the above into clearer expressions of the value customers place on various product and service features you offer.
Development of critical-to-quality requirements converts customer statements, which may be imprecise, to precise requirements (valued from the customer's perspective) for your product or service.
The Measure Phase
Purpose of Measure:
This phase quantifies the current state of the process with respect
to cost, speed and quality and provides an idea of the gaps to be
filled. At the end of this phase, we have a detailed map of the
process, data on key input and output variables, an analysis of the
capability of the process, refined project charter and plans where
warranted by new information, and recommended actions to pick low
hanging fruits.
Tools for Measure:
Operational definition - various measures are defined so that all
team members apply the same definitions when
Did you know that building a womens home based business that moms across the country are making six cardinal sins of home business building? Many of them think they don't have to know anything about business or they think they are going to make substantial revenue without spending anything for the good life. That is what they were being told.Those people are living in a dream world (fantasy land); I personally would ask them, "What makes you an expert, show me your credentials?" If you make them answer you, they will leave you rickety-split, just like you have the plague. Believe me when I say that business is not a game to play with. The rewards are grand but at the same time many have lost their shirts/blouses in the
The steps involved in creating the SIPOC diagram and the involvement of team members in brain storming and idea generating sessions are as important as the resulting diagram.
VOC - Voice of the Customer:
Critical to a proper definition of the improvement project is the
availability of data representing customer viewpoints and
requirements. These are collected using VOC tools like interviews,
surveys, focus groups, comment cards, suggestion/complaint boxes
etc. The definition of customer here includes internal and external
customers.
Using Kano analysis coverts raw quantitative and qualitative data obtained from the above into clearer expressions of the value customers place on various product and service features you offer.
Development of critical-to-quality requirements converts customer statements, which may be imprecise, to precise requirements (valued from the customer's perspective) for your product or service.
The Measure Phase
Purpose of Measure:
This phase quantifies the current state of the process with respect
to cost, speed and quality and provides an idea of the gaps to be
filled. At the end of this phase, we have a detailed map of the
process, data on key input and output variables, an analysis of the
capability of the process, refined project charter and plans where
warranted by new information, and recommended actions to pick low
hanging fruits.
Tools for Measure:
Operational definition - various measures are defined so that all
team members apply the same definitions when
Niche marketing seems all the rage these days, what with the continued phenomenal growth of small business enterprises. Countless numbers of business advisors and consultants continue to encourage budding entrepreneurs to find, research and develop niche markets as a means to guide their businesses to profit and success. I've published several articles on the subject of niche marketing myself. And, as a market sector, niche markets certainly have their place. There will always be portions of any given market that are ignored or rejected by the larger companies, or simply overlooked by other small businesses, making them ripe for the taking by savvy capitalists.But niche markets are by definition, small markets; subsets
Using Kano analysis coverts raw quantitative and qualitative data obtained from the above into clearer expressions of the value customers place on various product and service features you offer.
Development of critical-to-quality requirements converts customer statements, which may be imprecise, to precise requirements (valued from the customer's perspective) for your product or service.
The Measure Phase
Purpose of Measure:
This phase quantifies the current state of the process with respect
to cost, speed and quality and provides an idea of the gaps to be
filled. At the end of this phase, we have a detailed map of the
process, data on key input and output variables, an analysis of the
capability of the process, refined project charter and plans where
warranted by new information, and recommended actions to pick low
hanging fruits.
Tools for Measure:
Operational definition - various measures are defined so that all
team members apply the same definitions when
Process of Proactive Detection of Fraud 1. Build the Proper Team Regardless to the total size of the team, there should be at least three specific experts. The first is a domain expert that has an inside perspective of the industry and the business. The second is a technology specialist that is familiar with the system being used by the company. Lastly there needs to be someone familiar with fraud and the symptoms involved with it. 2. Team Must Develop an Understanding of the Business Similar to any audit plan, a fraud investigation must be customized to the particular company being observed. All business are different thus they clearly have dif
Purpose of Measure:
This phase quantifies the current state of the process with respect to cost, speed and quality and provides an idea of the gaps to be filled. At the end of this phase, we have a detailed map of the process, data on key input and output variables, an analysis of the capability of the process, refined project charter and plans where warranted by new information, and recommended actions to pick low hanging fruits.
Tools for Measure:
Operational definition - various measures are defined so that all
team members apply the same definitions when gathering data for the
improvement project.
Process map, value stream map, complexity value stream map: This produces a more detailed representation of the process than the SIPOC diagram and includes such information as wait times, processing times, resource consumptions, process operator etc.
Cause Effect Matrix:
This tabulates causes against effects and calculates scores which
are used to rank the causes. As a measure
tool, this matrix is used to select which inputs to focus on
because of their significant impact on the process outputs.
Preliminary FMEA (failure modes and effects analysis): This tool has a similar function to the cause and effect matrix. All possible failures in the inputs are considered, and then weighted according to probability of occurrence, severity of impact on outputs and difficulty of detection. This assessment also helps to determine what inputs the project team should focus on.
Data collection plan:
This includes decisions as to what data (balanced between input and
output) to collect, identification of
stratification factors (these help determine patterns in the data),
determination of sample size, identification of data sources,
development of data collection sheets and assignment of data
collection duties among team members.
Pareto charts:
This is one more tool for focusing the team's efforts on the most
important problems. A Pareto chart is a bar
chart where the horizontal axis represents categories. On the
vertical axis we can plot in descending order, the frequency of
occurrence, or cost, speed or quality impact of each category.
Where a clear Pareto effect exists, only a few of the categories
(typically 20% or less) are responsible for majority of the effects
(80% or more).
Measurement systems analysis:
The process of obtaining measurements is subjected to standard analyses to ensure reliability, repeatability and reproducibility. Other attributes of
the measurement system are stability, bias and discrimination.
Control charts:
A control chart is a run chart sequence of quantitative data with
three horizontal lines showing a centred mean and upper and lower
control limits. Control charts help to assess the nature of
variation of the process. In-control processes are expected to
yield data points randomly distributed around the mean but within
the calculated control limits.
Process capability assessment:
This tool me
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